Book
Level 5
502
unit 1
Exercise 10
Veronica: My husband is from Brazil, and I’m from Ukraine. We’re planning to raise our children to be multilingual. They’ll speak English in school, but my husband’s gonna talk to them in Portuguese and I’m gonna use Ukrainian. At meals, we’ll use either Portuguese or Ukrainian. It’ll be okay if our children respond to us in English. The important thing is that they’re gonna be hearing languages other than English.
Exercise 21
Reporter: Hello, I’m here in Chicago on a bright sunny day because I’m attending the annual “Kevin Party”, which is a picnic gathering of people whose names are Kevin. My name isn’t Kevin, but I‘m talking to a Kevin who is attending the party, Kevin Anderson. Hi Kevin. Is this your first time attending this event?
Kevin: Hello! No no, this is my third year coming up to Chicago. I come every year from Florida
Reporter: Wow! What draws you to this event every year?
Kevin: I love this event because I always meet new and interesting people… named Kevin!” [laughs] Even though I didn’t know anyone the first year, I met a lot of great people, and some of them have become my friends. I like coming back every year so that I can catch up with them and meet new people too.
Reporter: That is a great story, but it must be expensive to travel from Florida every year.
Kevin: Yeah, yeah it is expensive, so I save money all year for my trip. At first, I had to pay for the flight and a place to stay. Now, I either stay at a friend’s house or share a hotel with another Kevin, so it is cheaper now to attend.
Exercise 23
Hey all, Preston here. It’s that time of year: outdoor activities, camping, campfires… and that means my all-time favorite dessert: S’mores! So, I’m gonna show you all how to make a s’more the right way!
Okay, so you’re gonna need a few marshmallows, some chocolate and a box of graham crackers.
First, prepare your s’more. Take two pieces of chocolate and two graham cracker squares. Put one piece of chocolate on each square and set them near the fire. This is important because it softens up the chocolate.
Next, roast one marshmallow over the campfire. Get it nice and crispy brown but don’t let it catch fire!
Finally, set that roasted marshmallow down on one of the chocolate/graham cracker pieces, sandwich it with the other square and BAM you’ve got the best s’more! Yum….
unit 2
Exercise 6
Host: Welcome to the podcast. Today we are speaking with two students who have done a survey and have made a big discovery for the university! Welcome Hannah and Toshiaki.
Hannah and Toshiaki: Hi, thanks. Thanks for inviting us.
Host: Tell me about your project and what happened.
Hannah: Well, for statistics class we had to conduct a survey and then make a report. And since everyone was enrolling in classes at the time, we decided to survey students about their majors and the classes they were taking.
Host: What did you discover?
Toshiaki: We learned that about 50% of second year students haven’t declared a major yet. And the main reason is because they haven’t been able to meet with their advisor. The advisors have too many students to see, and it is hard to get an appointment. We also discovered that 25% of students have never talked to a professor in their major.
Hannah: We also discovered that about 75% of students have already taken a class in their intended major. But for many students, they haven’t taken a class yet because there were no seats available. One student we talked to has tried to take a major class for two semesters but can’t get a seat.
Host: I’m really surprised by those findings! What did the university do?
Toshiaki: Well, first, they have already hired more advisors so that students can meet their advisor more easily. Also, they have added more sections of classes since last year so more students can take major classes. We’d like to redo our survey to see if things have changed.
Pronunciation Note – Contractions with “Have”
He /z/ finally arrived. (He’s finally arrived)
Mike /əs/ already eaten. (Mike’s already eaten)
They /v/ finally arrived. (They’ve finally arrived)
How /əv/ you been? (How’ve you been)
We /d/ been studying. (We’d been studying)
Nico /əd/ already heard the news. (Nico’d already heard the news)
Exercise 23
- She’d seen him once or twice over the weekend.
- Abby said that she hadn’t made chocolate mousse before.
- I’ve been focusing on my academics lately, so I haven’t been going to many parties.
- Have you taken the TOEFL yet? How did you do?
- Who have you talked to about choosing a major?
- I‘ve been considering majoring in Chemistry or Molecular Biology.
- By the time my roommate got home last night, I‘d been asleep for three hours.
- When I applied for the manager position, I‘d been working at the store for two years.
It’s been really cold this fall, but it hasn’t snowed yet.
Exercise 33
- By the time he turns 40, Mark will have become a famous architect, and he will have designed many structures around the world.
- In five years, Lisa will have established herself as a leading fashion designer with her own successful clothing line.
- By the end of the decade, Alex will have become a respected expert in astrophysics, and he will have published several research papers in the field.
- In ten years, Michael will have demonstrated exceptional leadership skills, and he will have succeeded at becoming a top executive in a multinational corporation.
- By the time she completes her MBA, Emily will have secured a high-profile position in investment banking.
- In three years, David will have improved his cooking skills, and he will have opened his own restaurant.
- By the end of his training, James will have flown various airplanes, and he will have become a skilled pilot.
- In five years, Rachel will have started her own law firm, and she will have won several important trials.
- By the time she retires, Susan will have made important contributions to the field of environmental conservation.
Pronunciation Note – Contractions for Future Perfect Tenses
will have been can sound like /wɪlhəvbɪn/
will = /wɪl/
have = /əv/
been = /bɪn/
I’ll have been might sound like I’ll’ve been (/ɑːɭəvbɪn/)
Here are some examples:
I’ll’ve graduated by the time you visit.
By February, she’ll’ve been working for us for three years.
We’ll’ve made a decision by the time you arrive.
They’ll’ve forgotten me in 15 years.
By 2100, the world’s temperatures’ll’ve increased by 1.5 degrees.
Exercise 38
Teacher: Good morning class! Today we are going to talk about our future plans. I want to give you some dates in the future, and you tell me what you’ll’ve been doing by then. Okay, here is the first day: this Friday.
Student 1: By this Friday, we’ll all’ve completed our essay assignment!
Teacher: Great! And by Monday, I’ll’ve finished grading them! Next time: April 1st.
Student 2: I’ll’ve taken the TOEFL test by April 1st, and hopefully I’ll’ve passed it.
Teacher: I will keep my fingers crossed for you! Okay, here is your last time: this time next year.
Student 3: By this time next year, I’ll’ve enrolled in academic classes at the university.
unit 3
Exercise 7
Happiness is a feeling we have when we feel satisfied with our lives. Research has shown that happiness is a common priority for people all over the world.
Some psychologists believe that happiness is achieved when a person meets their basic needs and can achieve their full potential. Others believe that happiness is a result of the genes our parents pass down to us. Still other psychologists think that the happiness a person feels can be changed by participating in activities that are interesting and challenging.
So, in summary, one group of psychologists believe that you have a general level of happiness all the time. The other group believes that you can do things to change the level of happiness you feel.
Exercise 15
Kazumi: Okay, let’s make a packing list for our trip to Florida. What do we need to pack?
Carlos: We definitely need some sunscreen! Do we have any in the apartment?
Kazumi: No, we don’t have any. I can’t find any aloe vera either. We will need to buy some. We also need to buy some sunglasses for you.
Carlos: That’s right, I forgot that I broke my old pair. We can’t forget to pack some sandals for us both, too.
Kazumi: Don’t forget to pack the cover for my tablet! I don’t want to get any sand in it when I’m reading on the beach.
Carlos: Good idea. Did you pack any beach towels yet?
Kazumi: No, but I’ll go get some from the closet.
Exercise 29
Vincent: Finals week is coming up. We need to make plans for the study night our Psychology class is hosting! Do you have any ideas for it?
Gwen: Yes, one idea I had was to make waffles for everyone, and another is to invite emotional support animals to the event.
Vincent: I like your idea for waffles, but I’m not sure about the other one. What kind of animals are you thinking about?
Gwen: Well, I volunteer at a hospital and there is an organization that brings dogs to visit the patients. I was thinking we could invite them. But if you don’t like that idea, I have others as well!
Vincent: No, I like that idea! In my psychology class, we read about how animals can help us deal with stress and other feelings like anxiety. Another activity we could do at study night is meditation breaks! What was the other idea you had?
Gwen: Haha, I was thinking about a similar activity: yoga. That is another method to reduce stress.
Vincent: Perfect. We just need to be sure we give everyone time to study too!
Exercise 30
All children go through a picky eating stage. This is when they develop very strong opinions about food. For example, some children may not want to eat peas or other children may not eat any food that is green. Another typical opinion is that they don’t want different foods to touch each other.
Many parents wonder what to do about the picky eater in their house. Parenting experts make two solutions. First, experts suggest that picky eating is actually a child’s attempt to be independent. So, if it isn’t affecting their health or growth, let them make a few decisions about what they eat. The other solution is to let them help in shopping and cooking, so they feel included.
Exercise 35
Working from home or remote work has become very popular in the last few years. But many companies want their employees to return to the office. Some companies are allowing workers to only work in the office a few days a week. Other companies are finding other ways to encourage their employees to return to the office. For example, some companies are allowing their employees to bring their pets to work.
One company has allowed their workers to have their pet at their desk with them. Another company has created a “pet-friendly” floor so that the people who prefer not to work around animals can work peacefully. However, few employees were unhappy about the new policy, and the company received no complaints. In fact, many employees who don’t have pets benefited from having their co-workers pets in the office. Almost all of the employees said they felt their spirits lifted because of the new pet policy.
unit 4
Exercise 7
Studies have found that tourism contributes a lot to carbon emissions. Flying in airplanes accounts for about half of the carbon emissions. But there are hidden sources as well. For example, another source of pollution is from making souvenirs that tourists buy. So, if you would like to reduce your carbon footprint, follow some of these tips.
The first tip is not flying to nearby destinations. Taking a train, bus, or car is sometimes better than a plane.
Next, you can reduce emissions by turning down the air conditioning or heating where you are staying. Also, many hotels have the option of not getting new towels and linens every day. This saves electricity and water by reducing laundry loads.
The final tip is eating local foods. If the food is from the area you are visiting, it uses less fossil fuels. Not eating out of season fruit or vegetables is another way to reduce emissions.
By following these tips, you can actively contribute to reducing your carbon footprint while you are enjoying your travels.
Exercise 13
Oskar: Hi Susanna! Did you hear about the bomb cyclone heading our way?
Susanna: I heard a bad storm was coming. Is that what they are calling it?
Oskar: Yes. It means that we are going to get a lot of snow! We need to get prepared.
Susanna: Good idea. What should we do?
Oskar: Well, carrying warm blankets and water in your car is important for people who are driving in this weather. If you get stuck in the storm, you need to stay warm. And if it lasts too long, getting dehydrated can be a problem too.
Susanna: For us students, making sure we have our waterproof clothes and boots will be important. Walking to class in the snow in normal shoes would be unpleasant!
Oskar: No kidding! But just being prepared to be stuck at home for a few days is important for everyone. Let’s go to the grocery store and make sure we have enough food.
Exercise 22
For our next vacation, my family and I have decided to go to an eco-tourism resort in Costa Rica. We will go hiking with local guides who know the rainforest. These guides will help my dad go birdwatching for native birds. He is very excited about that. My sister will be able to go surfing at an eco-surf camp where they will also do a beach clean-up. My mom wants to go shopping in the town and meet local crafters and vendors. My family has agreed that from now on, when we go traveling, we will pay more attention to where we go and what we do. We want to avoid not thinking about our effect on the environment.
Exercise 31
Marika: Living in a desert isn’t easy. I’m definitely guilty of wasting water sometimes.
Jan: I know, I was used to brushing my teeth with the water running, but now I turn it off.
Marika: There are a lot of people who live here though, it must be hard to stop them all from using too much water. Our city takes advantage of melting snow in the springtime to fill our water reserves. But when there is not enough snow, there’s not enough water either.
Jan: Wow, I never thought about that. I believed that we just got water from the lake.
Marika: We do! But instead of coming from a river or from under the ground, the water comes from the snow. And have you noticed that the level of water in the lake is going down?
Jan: I did notice that. I would be interested in learning more about how we can conserve water. How do we keep ourselves from wasting it?
Marika: Changing our habits will be hard, but did you know we are experiencing a drought? I don’t think I’ll complain about getting wet when it rains anymore! I’ll be thankful for the water!
Jan: Agreed! Plus, I will have a reason for not doing the dishes now!
Marika: Oh no, don’t even think about doing that. We just need to use the dishwasher more
- A: What are you planning to do for summer break?
B: I have a few ideas. I might go home and spend the summer with my family or I might apply for that internship in South Africa. - Professor: Hi class, I have some bad news. Due to the bad weather next week, we will need to wait to go on our field trip until next month.
- A: Do you have any plans next weekend?
B (woman): Yes, my favorite band is playing at the student union. I can’t really afford it, but I just had to buy tickets to see them! - A: Pst, hey! Jian! Hey! Can I see what you wrote for number 4?
B (man): No way! This is a test. I don’t want to fail because I let you cheat! - A: Are you busy right now? I need to go to the library, and I don’t want to walk. Would you mind driving me?
B (man): This is the third time this week that you have asked for a ride. Maybe you should pay me some gas money before I give you any more rides to school. - A (woman): Wow, that class was really confusing. I don’t think I’m going to be able to do my homework alone. Could we work on it together?
B: Sure, I’m happy to help out! - A (man): Edward!!! Where is my basketball? You can’t just go into my room and take it. Mom!!
B (man): No way, I didn’t take your ball. Why do you always blame me?
unit 5
Exercise 1
It is difficult for a young adult to set out on their own. Often, they have never worried about paying rent or cooking for themselves. Sometimes, they have to be reminded to do their laundry regularly. However, the most challenging is that young adults struggle to manage their money. In the beginning, they often fail to make a budget, so they don’t know how much they earn and how much they spend. This can cause them to go into debt. So, it is important to teach young adults financial literacy. In other words, they need to know how to manage their money
Example:
Man: Would you mind helping me carry these boxes.
Woman: I’m glad to do it.
- Woman: Thanks for picking me up at the airport!
Man: No problem, I’m eager to hear about your trip. - Man: Owen claims to have a job, but I don’t believe him. He’s always broke.
Woman: Maybe he isn’t good at managing his money? - Woman: It’s expensive to park a car in San Francisco! Maybe we should have taken the bus.
Man: Next time, we’ll know not to drive. - Man: Remind me not to go to that restaurant again.
Woman: I agree, I didn’t even finish my food. Let’s get a snack on the way home.
Example:
Man: I am not feeling very well. I would like a doctor’s appointment.
Woman: I’m sorry to hear that, let me look at the doctor’s schedule.
- Woman: Richard, our boss wants that report by the end of the day. Is that something you can do?
Man: Sure, I’m almost finished now. I just need to check the numbers one last time. - Man: I’ll be at the theater at 7pm and the movie starts at 7:30. Don’t be late, okay?
Woman: Okay, I’ll do my best to be on time. - Woman: Okay kids, by the time I get home, the dishes should be done and the kitchen should be clean.
Boy: But Mom! We want to go play basketball after school.
Woman: Not today, I need your help today. - Man: Good morning, this is the public library. How can I help you?
Woman: Yes, hello, my husband is there right now and I need to give him a message. Can you do that for me?
Man: I can do that. Let me write down his name and your message and I’ll go find him.
Exercise 21
Rowena: Thank you for meeting with me. I’ve never had a financial advising session before.
Advisor: I’m happy to help you! What do you hope to learn about today?
Rowena: I would like to get my spending under control. I also need to make a plan for saving money, and I want to learn a little more about retirement.
Advisor: I can help you achieve all of those goals. It can be difficult to know where to start.
Rowena: It is. I struggle to keep track of where I spend my money every month, and sometimes I run out. So, I have to force myself not to buy anything until my next paycheck. That is hard because sometimes I need to buy food or gas for my car.
Advisor: Well, let’s look at how much you earn each month and start a budget. Once you learn to keep track of your money, you’ll be able to think about saving.
Example:
Man: Hi Rosie, the committee just voted, and we decided you are the best choice to be president.
Woman: (Please read expressing excitement and pride.) Really? Oh thank you so much, it is such an honor and I can’t wait to serve the committee as your president.
- Woman: I’d like to withdraw $100 from my bank account please.
Man: I’m sorry, it looks like you only have $50 in your account.
Woman: (Please read expressing confusion and worry.) That can’t be right. I recently got paid. I should have at least $600. What happened? - Woman: Hi Michael, I was wondering if you would be available to drive me to the airport tomorrow.
Man: (Please read expressing eagerness and willingness.) Sure! I’d love to drive you. We haven’t seen each other in a while, so we can take the time to catch up and have a goodchat. What time should I pick you up? - Man: Hello?
Woman: (Please read expressing anger.) Brad? Where are you? I’ve been waiting at the restaurant for half an hour.
Man: (Please read expressing dismay, embarrassment.) Oh no! Was our date tonight? Sadie, I’m so sorry, I can’t believe I got the dates mixed up. What a dumb mistake. - Woman: (Please read expressing anger.) I cannot believe you forgot that our date was tonight! Didn’t you make a reminder or something?
Man: I thought I did, but it looks like I made it for next week. Gosh, I’m so sorry I did that, you must be so angry. If you can forgive me, I’ll be there in 15 minutes though.
Woman: (Please read expressing reluctance.) Well… I am already here, and another 15 minutes won’t be that much… but you’d better never do something like this again! EVER! - Woman: What are you doing?
Man: I am practicing for my part for the school musical again.
Woman: You have been practicing for two months, don’t you feel prepared?
Man: (Please read expressing motivation and determination.) I do, but I want to be perfect! So, I’m going to practice every day until the show. - Woman: (Please read expressing disbelief and amazement.) I can’t believe it! This is amazing!
Man: What? What happened?
Woman: (Please read expressing excitement.) We just won a free trip to Fiji!
Student 1: Hey, have you been watching the news?
Student 2: Not recently. I need to remember to do that more often. What’s happening?
Student 1: Well, the newscasters haven’t stopped talking about inflation. They think there will be an economic downturn.
Student 2: That doesn’t sound good. What’s an economic downturn?
Student 1: That is a time when the economy quits growing and people spend less money. Sometimes it means companies lay off some of their employees. So, there are more unemployed people. Unemployed people stop spending money.
Student 2: Hmm, well I kind of regret buying a new phone if there is a chance I might lose my job.
Example:
Man: Hey Margo, you look a little sad.
Woman: Yeah, I’m a little homesick. I remember spending the holidays with my parents last year, and I wish I could go home this year too.
- Man: The first stock market was in Amsterdam in 1611. One company needed to raise some money, so they sold interests, or stock, in their company. People who bought these stocks received payments, or dividends, when the company made money. For a long time, only one company participated in the stock market. But the idea became more popular and other companies went on to sell stock as well.
- Woman: Hi Archie, how are you doing today.
Boy: I’m okay, but I’m really sad.
Woman: Why is that?
Boy: I was late today and we left the house in a rush. And I forgot my homework. I’m sorry. - Man 1: Wow, it is really hot today.
Man 2: I know, and we have been working really hard in the sun. Why don’t we stop to sit in the shade and drink some water. - Man: I wish I had eaten before we left the house. I’m starting to get hungry.
Woman: Well, the movie hasn’t started yet, do you want to go get something in the lobby?
Man: Yeah, I’ll be back before the movie starts. - Woman: I’m really disappointed that we couldn’t get a reservation at our favorite restaurant.
Man: Well, I know the owner, I could try calling him. Or we could try calling a new restaurant.
unit 6
Exercise 9
Signing up for FriendFlow has never been easier. Just follow these simple instructions for creating an account on our platform. You have to download the app from the app store of your choice and install it on your mobile phone. Open the app and tap “sign up” to create a new account.
You must enter your phone number or an email address in order to create an account. After you enter this information, you will have to select a username that is different from your email address. Try to choose something that is unique and reflects your personality.
To keep your account safe, you’ve got to choose a strong password. Try to use a password that has letters, numbers, and symbols. Strong passwords will reduce the chance of your account getting hacked.
The next step is to upload a profile picture. If you don’t have a picture ready, you can come back to this step. And that is it! You have opened a FriendFlow account.
Newton: Hi Sylvia, thanks for taking some time to train me today about email in the company.
Sylvia: No problem! I’m happy to help you navigate the rules when it comes to email communication. Are you ready to get started?
Newton: Sure!
Sylvia: There are some basic email rules that we all must follow. First, you hafta reply to customer emails within 24 hours.
Newton: Okay, I think I can do that.
Sylvia: Next, you’ve gotta use an email signature. It hasta have your name and job title. Do you know how to set that up?
Newton: I think so, but I’ll hafta look at the settings to be sure.
Sylvia: Finally, when you are replying to a customer, you’re gonna hafta check your spelling and grammar before sending the email. There is a spelling and grammar checker installed, so when you write an email, just click this button to check your language.
Newton: Great, thanks!
Exercise 15
Welcome back to TechParent, a blog about parenting in the digital age. Today we are discussing how to manage social media use in younger children. What do you think? Should children be allowed to use social media?
Well, many experts suggest that children may use it as long as you set some good guidelines. Here are a few examples. You should monitor your child’s usage, so a guideline may be that your child must give you the password to their social media accounts. An alternative is to say that children may not use social media without you being present.
Another example is limiting the platforms your child can use. In our house, my children are not allowed to use TikTok until they are 13 years old. But they may use Facebook as long as they share their password. However, they must not post photos of themselves without talking to us first.
Let’s take a break. Tweet me with rules that you have around social media in your house.
Example:
Man: What are you looking for?
Woman: I got an email telling me my package was delivered, but it isn’t in the mailbox. Did you pick it up?
- Woman: Have you gotten a job offer yet?
Man: No, they said I would get a phone call yesterday, but they didn’t call. - Woman: What happened yesterday? You didn’t come to my party.
Man: I got stuck at the office really late finishing a project. I’m so sorry I missed it. - Man: Hailey, I asked you to turn off your phone at the dinner table.
Woman: I’m sorry, Dad! But I don’t want to miss anything! - Man: Did you see the good news? We all got a bonus on our paycheck!
Woman: Yeah, that’s great. But I expected to get a promotion, not a bonus. - Man: Here you go, a beautiful bouquet of flowers from this field.
Woman: Oh dear.
Man: What?
Woman: Well… there was a sign over there that said don’t pick any wildflowers!
Section 6.6 Pronunciation Note
The not in shouldn’t can be hard to hear.
He shouldn’t copy your answers.
We shouldn’t drive in the snow.
The had in had better/had better not can also be hard to hear.
You’d better not miss another class.
They’d better prepare for the test.
Ought to sounds like otta.
She ought to apologize for being late.
It’s late and I ought to go home.
- Oscar: Arg, I’m so frustrated with this homework! I don’t know how to do it.
Riko: Hey Oscar, are you okay?
Oscar: I don’t know, I am doing well in my classes, so this homework shouldn’t be so hard for me. I should know how to do this.
Riko: Maybe you ought to visit your professor during office hours, that’s what I do when I’m having trouble. - Julie: Hey Yi, you look tired. What’s up?
Yi: Hi Julie, I am tired. My roommate plays loud music late at night, and I can’t sleep. He’d better not do it tonight because I have an exam tomorrow.
Julie: That sounds like a tough problem. But you’d better talk to him about it before things get worse. Having good communication with a roommate is really important. - Son: Hi mom, I have a really silly question.
Mom: Okay, what is your question?
Son: I did laundry this weekend and all my clothes came out feeling dirtier than before I washed them. What should I do?
Mom: Oh boy, I guess we never talked about that. Well, first, you shouldn’t use too much detergent. It can stay in your clothes and feel dirty.
Son: Yeah, I probably shouldn’t just pour it in, maybe I ought to measure it.
Mom: Good idea. Also, you ought to separate your light clothes from your dark clothes. If you wash darks with lights, you’d better be ready for the colors to run and get on your white clothes.
Son: Wait, are you saying I shouldn’t put my jeans in with my white t-shirts? Oh no, I’d better go and stop the washing machine right now!
Student: [on the phone] Okay, mom, I hafta go. I’m meeting with my new landlord. Bye!
Landlord: Thanks for coming in to talk about renting the apartment in my building.
Student: No problem. I hafta catch my bus in about an hour to go to class though.
Landlord: Don’t worry, this shouldn’t take that long. Okay, so my first question is if you plan to have a roommate because they’ve gotta put in an application as well.
Student: Yes, I do. I have their application right here. He couldn’t come because he hasta work this morning.
Landlord: Okay, you know they really should be here with you for this interview. They’d better make some time to come in this week.
Student: Not a problem. I will tell them to call you and make an appointment.
Landlord: Next question, do you plan to have any pets in the apartment?
Student: No, I’m allergic to cats and I don’t like dogs. And when my friends visit, I’ll tell them they’d better not bring any pets with them.
Landlord: Sounds good. If you change your mind, both you and your roommate definitely hafta tell me before you get one and get my permission.
Student: We will tell you. But I don’t think we will want to change our minds.
Landlord: Okay, that otta do it for the first question. Now let me give you a tour of the complex and talk about the rules.
unit 7
Exercise 8
Example: My professor was impressed by my research paper.
- The building was constructed using sustainable building techniques.
- The website was redesigned to improve visitors’ experience.
- The shape of the building was inspired by the surrounding landscape.
- The ancient ruins in Greece have been admired for centuries.
- Plans to remodel the library were made by the university president.
- Hostile architecture is designed to control how people use the space.
- People are discouraged from sleeping on benches by the installation of armrests.
- My brother was trained by a famous architect.
- We were amazed by the Eiffel Tower in Paris.
- I have been told that I have a good eye for design.
Exercise 14
Example: The pond was filled in two hours.
- A landscape designer was hired to redesign the front yard.
- The designer had been recognized for their outstanding designs.
- A landscaping service was being considered until my brother volunteered to help.
- Our garden was featured by a local gardening magazine.
- The surrounding landscape had been included in the garden design.
- In our neighborhood, grass was being removed during the drought.
Exercise 18
Example:
Woman: Mary, the plants in the garden need some water.
Girl: I’m kind of busy right now. Can you have Eric do it?
Woman: Eric is mowing the lawn; I need you to water the garden.
Girl: Fine *sigh*
- Woman: I’m scheduling the workers to come plant some fruit trees in the backyard.
Man: Great! When are they coming?
Woman: They should be here over the weekend, so we’ll have our trees by next week! - Woman: What is this mess?
Man: I’m getting out my tools to clean the pool this afternoon.
Woman: You are going to clean it?
Man: Well…. someone will! - Man: I’m going to plant some tomatoes this spring.
Woman: That sounds good. When can we eat them?
Man: They will be ripe and ready for harvest in July! - Woman: This landscaping project is taking forever.
Man: I’ll talk with the construction company today. If they haven’t completed the project by next month, we’ll fire them.
Exercise 28
Example: When the bridge was built, it altered the natural habitat of the river.
- Many nations contributed funds to construct the space station.
- The audience asked the architect many questions about his design at the council meeting.
- The politicians ignored the environmental protestors as they entered the meeting to approve the mine expansion.
- In many rural towns, new construction is displacing long-time residents.
- In California, the building codes require new buildings to include earthquake protection.
- In preparation for sea level rise, New Jersey architects asked the city to consider new lifted designs for houses.
Exercise 34
Example: We shouldn’t have been told that secret.
- Before you put that picture online, the colors must be adjusted to match our brand.
- Software programs can only be used if the IT department approves them.
- I’m so stressed! My project was supposed to have been completed yesterday, and I missed the deadline.
- You ought to have been contacted by the design firm by now. They interviewed you two weeks ago!
- My work should be presented to the client this afternoon. I hope they like it!
Exercise 40
Ava: Hey, Mia! How was your shopping trip yesterday? Did you end up getting anything?
Mia: Yeah! I found a new pair of leggings and a cozy sweater to get comfortable in.
Ava: Nice, those sound perfect for lounging around. Did you find anything to wear to Rachel’s birthday party next week?
Mia: Actually, I did! I got a really cute dress.
Ava: Oh, fun! We’ll have to get dressed for the party at my house so I can see it!
Mia: Definitely. And speaking of getting ready, I also bought some new makeup.
Ava: Ooh, that sounds exciting. What colors did you get?
Mia: I got a mix of neutrals and brights, so I can switch up my look depending on my mood.
Ava: That’s perfect.
Mia: I got frustrated at the end though. I found a pair of shoes I liked that were on clearance for almost half off! But I couldn’t find a pair that fit. I was starting to get angry, but then I realized I was just getting hungry, so I decided to go home.
Ava: Well, it sounds like you ended up finding some great stuff even if you couldn’t get any shoes. Maybe we can go back together this weekend. Now I’m getting anxious about what I’m going to wear to the party!
Exercise 50
Example:
Man: At the ball game today, Billy hit a homerun and scored the winning point.
Woman: Wow, that’s amazing!
- Man: I’m confused. Are we picking up Mike on the way to the concert?
Woman: No, we are being picked up by Mike. He should be here at 6pm. - Woman: Are you ready to go to the circus? It should be an exciting show!
Child: Yes! I can’t wait to see the clowns and the acrobats! I’m so excited! - Man: I have a surprise for you. I’m getting married!
Man: What? But you only just got acquainted with them. Are you ready to get married? - Child: We’ve been walking for hours and I’m getting cold and hungry. Can we go now?
Woman: Yes, I’m getting tired too. Let’s stop and buy some hot chocolate on our way home. - Woman: Haha, you are so funny, Elizabeth. You tell such good jokes! You should be a standup comedian!
Woman: Really, do you think so? I’m not so sure. - Man: Do I have a story for you! We went hiking today, and we came around a bend in the trail and saw a bear!
Woman: Oh really! What happened!
Man: We were so scared that we screamed and tried to climb a tree.
Woman: Did the bear chase you?
Man: No, it just walked away. But we were sure startled.
unit 8
Exercise 10
Professor: Today, class, we will talk about forms that cultural practices take. Let me give you some examples that you should note down. Here’s the first example: clothing that people wear in different cultures is heavily influenced by the climate or weather of their region. Here’s another example. The food that has developed over time is usually reflective of cultural and environmental influences. Art is another cultural practice. For example, dances that people perform have been passed down for generations. Our next guest speaker whom you will meet tomorrow is considered an expert in traditional indigenous dance.
Exercise 18
Podcast host: Welcome back to “Issues in Anthropology”. Today we will cover a topic that has sparked a lot of debate in recent years: museums returning artifacts to the countries from which they came.
Through history, museums have housed and protected cultural artifacts from around the world. These items are part of the history and culture of the people who they represent. However, many of these artifacts can be found in museums that are not in the country for which they have historical significance. This has led to calls for these artifacts to be returned to their rightful owners.
The argument for returning these artifacts is strong. Many argue that the people who created these cultural items did not consent to them being taken. They were taken by colonizing forces against whom the indigenous populations were fighting. It is argued that these cultural and historical items should be returned to the people who made them.
On the other hand, there are those who argue that museums are the best places to protect these artifacts. They argue that these artifacts benefit from the preservation methods which museums have experts for. Returning them to the countries from which they were taken could put them at risk of damage or destruction.
Ultimately, the decision to return these artifacts is a complex one for which there is no easy answer. However, what is clear is that the conversation around the repatriation of cultural artifacts is an important one that must continue.
Exercise 23
Example:
Woman: The accounting department just called. We went over our budget this month. Who was keeping track?
Man: I’m not sure who’s responsible for the budget.
- Man: I’m really into astrology. Did you know that people born in January are good with money.
Woman: Really? Do you know anyone whose birthday is in January? - Man: Have you read about the candidates. They are both really good. I can’t decide who to vote for.
Man: I wonder who’s going to win the election. - Woman: I know we talked about just going to the movies together. But … well … I kind of invited someone. Please don’t be mad!
Man: *groans, resigned* Who’s coming to the movies with us? - Woman: My parents are coming to visit me, and I want to take them out to a nice dinner. Do you have any recommendations?
Woman: The restaurant whose food I tried last night was amazing! - Man: Uh oh, look at that line! I didn’t realize so many people were going to want tickets. I hope we can get some!
Woman: *incredulous* Do you know who’s singing at the concert tonight? They are so popular, of course everyone wants to see them! - Woman: Hey boss, there was a huge storm that hit Seoul, South Korea yesterday. Is our production line going to be affected?
Woman: Oh no, the company whose computer chips we use is based in Japan.
Exercise 39
- Did you hear about the man who rode his bike across the USA?
- My friend Jared, who’s from New Zealand, has visited 34 countries.
- Mei Mei found a wallet, which was on the sidewalk in front of our building.
- Can you hand me the notebook that’s on the counter in the kitchen?
- We went out to dinner at a new restaurant, which had really good food.
- I want to visit the new store that opened on Main Street.
- Coffee, which is a popular morning drink, makes my stomach hurt.